Flawfinder version 2.0.10, (C) 2001-2019 David A. Wheeler. Number of rules (primarily dangerous function names) in C/C++ ruleset: 223 Examining data/emmax-0~beta.20100307/emmax-kin.c Examining data/emmax-0~beta.20100307/emmax.c FINAL RESULTS: data/emmax-0~beta.20100307/emmax-kin.c:489:3: [4] (buffer) sprintf: Does not check for buffer overflows (CWE-120). Use sprintf_s, snprintf, or vsnprintf. sprintf(filename,"%s.%s",prefix,suffix); data/emmax-0~beta.20100307/emmax-kin.c:529:3: [4] (format) vfprintf: If format strings can be influenced by an attacker, they can be exploited (CWE-134). Use a constant for the format specification. vfprintf(stderr, format, args); data/emmax-0~beta.20100307/emmax.c:1175:3: [4] (buffer) sprintf: Does not check for buffer overflows (CWE-120). Use sprintf_s, snprintf, or vsnprintf. sprintf(filename,"%s.%s",prefix,suffix); data/emmax-0~beta.20100307/emmax.c:1536:6: [4] (format) vfprintf: If format strings can be influenced by an attacker, they can be exploited (CWE-134). Use a constant for the format specification. vfprintf(g_logh.fp, format, args); data/emmax-0~beta.20100307/emmax.c:1543:3: [4] (format) vfprintf: If format strings can be influenced by an attacker, they can be exploited (CWE-134). Use a constant for the format specification. vfprintf(stderr, format, args); data/emmax-0~beta.20100307/emmax.c:1552:3: [4] (format) vfprintf: If format strings can be influenced by an attacker, they can be exploited (CWE-134). Use a constant for the format specification. vfprintf(g_logh.fp, format, args); data/emmax-0~beta.20100307/emmax.c:1558:5: [4] (format) vfprintf: If format strings can be influenced by an attacker, they can be exploited (CWE-134). Use a constant for the format specification. vfprintf(stderr, format, args); data/emmax-0~beta.20100307/emmax-kin.c:74:3: [3] (random) srand: This function is not sufficiently random for security-related functions such as key and nonce creation (CWE-327). Use a more secure technique for acquiring random values. srand((unsigned int)tv.tv_usec); data/emmax-0~beta.20100307/emmax-kin.c:88:15: [3] (buffer) getopt: Some older implementations do not protect against internal buffer overflows (CWE-120, CWE-20). Check implementation on installation, or limit the size of all string inputs. while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "d:rsc:vxS:zh")) != -1 ) { data/emmax-0~beta.20100307/emmax-kin.c:109:7: [3] (random) srand: This function is not sufficiently random for security-related functions such as key and nonce creation (CWE-327). Use a more secure technique for acquiring random values. srand(atoi(optarg)); data/emmax-0~beta.20100307/emmax.c:134:15: [3] (buffer) getopt: Some older implementations do not protect against internal buffer overflows (CWE-120, CWE-20). Check implementation on installation, or limit the size of all string inputs. while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "c:d:k:K:S:E:vi:o:p:t:wzD:P:F:ZON")) != -1 ) { data/emmax-0~beta.20100307/emmax-kin.c:64:3: [2] (buffer) char: Statically-sized arrays can be improperly restricted, leading to potential overflows or other issues (CWE-119!/CWE-120). Perform bounds checking, use functions that limit length, or ensure that the size is larger than the maximum possible length. char buf[SZBUF], c; data/emmax-0~beta.20100307/emmax-kin.c:91:17: [2] (integer) atoi: Unless checked, the resulting number can exceed the expected range (CWE-190). If source untrusted, check both minimum and maximum, even if the input had no minus sign (large numbers can roll over into negative number; consider saving to an unsigned value if that is intended). ndigits = atoi(optarg); data/emmax-0~beta.20100307/emmax-kin.c:109:13: [2] (integer) atoi: Unless checked, the resulting number can exceed the expected range (CWE-190). If source untrusted, check both minimum and maximum, even if the input had no minus sign (large numbers can roll over into negative number; consider saving to an unsigned value if that is intended). srand(atoi(optarg)); data/emmax-0~beta.20100307/emmax-kin.c:163:41: [2] (integer) atoi: Unless checked, the resulting number can exceed the expected range (CWE-190). If source untrusted, check both minimum and maximum, even if the input had no minus sign (large numbers can roll over into negative number; consider saving to an unsigned value if that is intended). if ( ( flag_autosomal == 1 ) && ( ( atoi(tped_headers[0]) == 0 ) || ( atoi(tped_headers[0]) > 22 ) ) ) // if SNP is not in autosomal chromosomes data/emmax-0~beta.20100307/emmax-kin.c:163:75: [2] (integer) atoi: Unless checked, the resulting number can exceed the expected range (CWE-190). If source untrusted, check both minimum and maximum, even if the input had no minus sign (large numbers can roll over into negative number; consider saving to an unsigned value if that is intended). if ( ( flag_autosomal == 1 ) && ( ( atoi(tped_headers[0]) == 0 ) || ( atoi(tped_headers[0]) > 22 ) ) ) // if SNP is not in autosomal chromosomes data/emmax-0~beta.20100307/emmax-kin.c:488:3: [2] (buffer) char: Statically-sized arrays can be improperly restricted, leading to potential overflows or other issues (CWE-119!/CWE-120). Perform bounds checking, use functions that limit length, or ensure that the size is larger than the maximum possible length. char filename[SZBUF]; data/emmax-0~beta.20100307/emmax-kin.c:516:13: [2] (misc) fopen: Check when opening files - can an attacker redirect it (via symlinks), force the opening of special file type (e.g., device files), move things around to create a race condition, control its ancestors, or change its contents? (CWE-362). fh.fp = fopen(filename,mode); data/emmax-0~beta.20100307/emmax.c:140:17: [2] (integer) atoi: Unless checked, the resulting number can exceed the expected range (CWE-190). If source untrusted, check both minimum and maximum, even if the input had no minus sign (large numbers can roll over into negative number; consider saving to an unsigned value if that is intended). ndigits = atoi(optarg); data/emmax-0~beta.20100307/emmax.c:149:24: [2] (integer) atoi: Unless checked, the resulting number can exceed the expected range (CWE-190). If source untrusted, check both minimum and maximum, even if the input had no minus sign (large numbers can roll over into negative number; consider saving to an unsigned value if that is intended). gen_kin_method = atoi(optarg); data/emmax-0~beta.20100307/emmax.c:152:16: [2] (integer) atoi: Unless checked, the resulting number can exceed the expected range (CWE-190). If source untrusted, check both minimum and maximum, even if the input had no minus sign (large numbers can roll over into negative number; consider saving to an unsigned value if that is intended). istart = atoi(optarg); data/emmax-0~beta.20100307/emmax.c:155:14: [2] (integer) atoi: Unless checked, the resulting number can exceed the expected range (CWE-190). If source untrusted, check both minimum and maximum, even if the input had no minus sign (large numbers can roll over into negative number; consider saving to an unsigned value if that is intended). iend = atoi(optarg); data/emmax-0~beta.20100307/emmax.c:182:26: [2] (integer) atoi: Unless checked, the resulting number can exceed the expected range (CWE-190). If source untrusted, check both minimum and maximum, even if the input had no minus sign (large numbers can roll over into negative number; consider saving to an unsigned value if that is intended). tped_nheadercols = atoi(optarg); data/emmax-0~beta.20100307/emmax.c:185:26: [2] (integer) atoi: Unless checked, the resulting number can exceed the expected range (CWE-190). If source untrusted, check both minimum and maximum, even if the input had no minus sign (large numbers can roll over into negative number; consider saving to an unsigned value if that is intended). tfam_nheadercols = atoi(optarg); data/emmax-0~beta.20100307/emmax.c:277:14: [2] (integer) atoi: Unless checked, the resulting number can exceed the expected range (CWE-190). If source untrusted, check both minimum and maximum, even if the input had no minus sign (large numbers can roll over into negative number; consider saving to an unsigned value if that is intended). if ( ( atoi(tped_headers[0]) == 0 ) || ( atoi(tped_headers[0]) > 22 ) ) { data/emmax-0~beta.20100307/emmax.c:277:48: [2] (integer) atoi: Unless checked, the resulting number can exceed the expected range (CWE-190). If source untrusted, check both minimum and maximum, even if the input had no minus sign (large numbers can roll over into negative number; consider saving to an unsigned value if that is intended). if ( ( atoi(tped_headers[0]) == 0 ) || ( atoi(tped_headers[0]) > 22 ) ) { data/emmax-0~beta.20100307/emmax.c:396:5: [2] (buffer) memcpy: Does not check for buffer overflows when copying to destination (CWE-120). Make sure destination can always hold the source data. memcpy(y,phenos,sizeof(double)*n); data/emmax-0~beta.20100307/emmax.c:738:3: [2] (buffer) memcpy: Does not check for buffer overflows when copying to destination (CWE-120). Make sure destination can always hold the source data. memcpy(kins_copy,kins,sizeof(double)*n*n); data/emmax-0~beta.20100307/emmax.c:761:3: [2] (buffer) memcpy: Does not check for buffer overflows when copying to destination (CWE-120). Make sure destination can always hold the source data. memcpy(kins_copy,kins,sizeof(double)*n*n); data/emmax-0~beta.20100307/emmax.c:1160:13: [2] (misc) fopen: Check when opening files - can an attacker redirect it (via symlinks), force the opening of special file type (e.g., device files), move things around to create a race condition, control its ancestors, or change its contents? (CWE-362). fh.fp = fopen(filename,mode); data/emmax-0~beta.20100307/emmax.c:1174:3: [2] (buffer) char: Statically-sized arrays can be improperly restricted, leading to potential overflows or other issues (CWE-119!/CWE-120). Perform bounds checking, use functions that limit length, or ensure that the size is larger than the maximum possible length. char filename[SZBUF]; ANALYSIS SUMMARY: Hits = 31 Lines analyzed = 2356 in approximately 0.10 seconds (23758 lines/second) Physical Source Lines of Code (SLOC) = 1815 Hits@level = [0] 93 [1] 0 [2] 20 [3] 4 [4] 7 [5] 0 Hits@level+ = [0+] 124 [1+] 31 [2+] 31 [3+] 11 [4+] 7 [5+] 0 Hits/KSLOC@level+ = [0+] 68.3196 [1+] 17.0799 [2+] 17.0799 [3+] 6.06061 [4+] 3.85675 [5+] 0 Dot directories skipped = 1 (--followdotdir overrides) Minimum risk level = 1 Not every hit is necessarily a security vulnerability. There may be other security vulnerabilities; review your code! See 'Secure Programming HOWTO' (https://dwheeler.com/secure-programs) for more information.